Self-Management Level and Influencing Factors of Middle-Aged and Younger Adults Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Latent Profile Analysis.

Effective self-management is vital for improving outcomes in middle-aged and younger adults receiving maintenance hemodialysis. However, their self-management behaviors vary widely and remain understudied. This cross-sectional study included 458 individuals to identify distinct self-management profiles and related influencing factors. Participants completed a self-management behavior scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Latent profile analysis revealed three profiles: Skill Deficiency Type (n = 157), Emotional Disorders Type (n = 190), and Comprehensive Self-manager (n = 111). Education level, dialysis duration, dialysis frequency, anxiety, and depression levels differed significantly between groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed these as key predictors of profile membership. Findings highlight the heterogeneity of self-management in this population, influenced mainly by educational background, dialysis experience, and psychological health. Tailored interventions addressing both behavior and emotional support are recommended to enhance patient outcomes.