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Войти в исследования International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026
Pediatric Legionnaires' disease: A case report and a review of the literature.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Garbo Valeria, Venuti Laura, Natoli Giuseppe, Boncori Giovanni, Albano Chiara, Linares Giulia, Colomba Claudia
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Following the first pediatric review on Legionnaires' Disease (LD) in 2006, we provide an updated literature review on LD in a pediatric population.
METHODS: We reviewed PubMed and Scopus for case reports and case series of LD in children, extracted clinical-epidemiological data and used the CARE checklist to assess completeness of reporting.
RESULTS: We report a severe case of LD in a previously healthy 15-month-old girl who developed the infection following short-term corticosteroid therapy. The disease was likely acquired in a healthcare setting, despite the implementation of standard water safety measures. To contextualize this finding, we reviewed the available literature, identifying a total of 44 pediatric LD cases, predominantly from Europe, Asia, and North America. Sixty-four percent (28/44) were up to one year of age, with neonates accounting for one-third of cases (34%, 15/44). Comorbidities and immune deficiencies were present in 61% (27/44) and 41% (18/44) of cases, respectively. Hospital-acquired cases were common (55%, 18/33). Diagnosis relied on PCR (93% positivity, 26/28) and culture (57%, 25/44) performed mainly on respiratory samples. Targeted antibiotic therapy was strongly associated with reduced mortality (p = 0.031). The overall mortality rate was 23% (10/44).
CONCLUSION: Our findings appear consistent with previous observations highlighting the benefit of early identification of LD and timely targeted treatment. The high proportion of healthcare-associated LD cases stresses the need for strengthened prevention and infection-control strategies.
METHODS: We reviewed PubMed and Scopus for case reports and case series of LD in children, extracted clinical-epidemiological data and used the CARE checklist to assess completeness of reporting.
RESULTS: We report a severe case of LD in a previously healthy 15-month-old girl who developed the infection following short-term corticosteroid therapy. The disease was likely acquired in a healthcare setting, despite the implementation of standard water safety measures. To contextualize this finding, we reviewed the available literature, identifying a total of 44 pediatric LD cases, predominantly from Europe, Asia, and North America. Sixty-four percent (28/44) were up to one year of age, with neonates accounting for one-third of cases (34%, 15/44). Comorbidities and immune deficiencies were present in 61% (27/44) and 41% (18/44) of cases, respectively. Hospital-acquired cases were common (55%, 18/33). Diagnosis relied on PCR (93% positivity, 26/28) and culture (57%, 25/44) performed mainly on respiratory samples. Targeted antibiotic therapy was strongly associated with reduced mortality (p = 0.031). The overall mortality rate was 23% (10/44).
CONCLUSION: Our findings appear consistent with previous observations highlighting the benefit of early identification of LD and timely targeted treatment. The high proportion of healthcare-associated LD cases stresses the need for strengthened prevention and infection-control strategies.