Opioid Crisis Along Mexico's Northern Border: Treatment Needs Mexican Opioid Crisis.

BACKGROUND

Heroin production for external markets and low rates of use in Mexico have had a long history. A recent shift toward an increase in use and related problems calls for the evaluation of treatment needs in order to draw recommendations for policies.

METHODS

The objectives were to identify predictors of choice of treatment and barriers to care among persons that had been with no treatment. The study included a convenience sample of 600 face-to-face interviews of people 18 years of age and older and a rapid HIV and HCV tests in three cities on Mexico's Northern Border: Ciudad Juárez, San Luis Río Colorado and Tijuana. The choice of treatment (methadone, other pubic or private treatments with no experience with methadone maintenance and only self-help or religious care), was analyzed though a multiple logistic multimodal regression analysis. Informed consents to be interviewed and for HIC and HIV were signed by interviewers.

RESULTS

The majority of persons interviewed were males (89.7%) with an average age of 40. Having emigrated to the United States and a greater length of heroin use predicted seeking methadone treatment versus public or private treatment or informal care. The most important barriers to care were lack of information and stigma. HIC, HIV and other infectious and chronic diseases including depression were often unattended.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a need to reform treatment policies in order to cover this w emerging and demanding problem.