Type 1 diabetes and its complications affect preeclampsia: A Mendelian randomization analysis.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy condition. Having type 1 diabetes (T1D) during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse outcomes for both mother and baby. However, it is unclear whether T1D directly constitutes a risk factor for preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between T1D and PE using Mendelian randomization. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) were used to study the relationship between T1D and PE. MR Analysis showed that there was statistical significance between T1D and PE (P = .003, OR = 1.048, 95% CI = 1.016-1.080). In addition, complications associated with T1D also had a statistically significant causal relationship with PE. Multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis further confirmed that adjusting for hypertension and BMI did not change the original conclusions. This study provides evidence that genetically predicted T1D and its complications exert a distinct causal influence on the progression of PE.