Behind white coats: A quantitative perspective on substance use among healthcare professionals in Iraq.

This cross-sectional study, conducted from May to September 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq, investigated substance use among 509 healthcare professionals, including physicians, dentists, pharmacists, nurses, and technicians working across both hospital (governmental, university, and private) and community-based settings (clinics and pharmacies). The survey explored their attitudes, knowledge, and practice regarding substance use (including prescription and nonprescription drugs), focusing on the prevalence, patterns, and factors influencing such use. Results revealed that 18.3% reported using drugs without medical justification, with opioids and benzodiazepines most frequently used. Self-medication, particularly with tramadol, was common. Substance use varied by gender, marital status, and specialty. Many participants lacked awareness of the difference between misuse and abuse. Findings highlight the need for targeted education and policy reforms.