Algorithmic Approach to an Abnormal Computed Tomography of the Chest in the Immunocompromised Host.

The immunocompromised host is a patient who is at risk for life threatening complications. This article offers a structured approach to interpreting abnormal chest computed tomography (CT) scans in these patients. Immune defects are categorized as innate or adaptive and each is linked to specific infectious risks. CT scan findings are grouped into 5 categories: nodules and/or masses, consolidation or ground glass opacity, large airway abnormalities, pleural effusions, and lymphadenopathy. This algorithmic approach can guide clinicians in establishing a differential diagnosis for immunocompromised patients with abnormal chest CT scans and help them reach a faster and more accurate diagnosis.