Reliable AI Platform for Monitoring BCI Caused Brain Injury and Providing Real-Time Protection.

Invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) holds great promise for restoring motor, sensory, and cognitive functions in patients with disabilities, yet chronic implantation induces neuroinflammation and degeneration at the electrode-tissue interface, impairing neural connectivity and device long-term stability. Current brain injury assessment approaches cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of efficiency and interpretability in healthcare with high-risk diagnoses and treatment. Meanwhile, limited and expensive biomechanics data pose significant challenges in AI training. Herein, feature-based Gaussian process emulators are proposed to enable interpretable data-driven modeling with limited biomechanics data under noise. Furthermore, a reliable AI platform, BrainGuard is developed, for efficiently providing a reliable and quantitative patient-specific basis and real-time monitoring of BCI caused brain injury. These results demonstrate exceptional performance of BrainGuard in rapidly and accurately predicting and monitoring the full-field von Mises strain revealing the brain injury even under challenging noise conditions. By constructing interpretable digital brain twins to offer reliable digital healthcare solutions, the platform enhances real-time patient protection and improves the security and durability of long-term BCI-based measurement and treatment strategies.