Prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite and progesterone profiles in post-partum cows with retained foetal membranes.

Post-partum prostaglandin release and resumption of cyclical ovarian activities were studied in 11 Swedish dairy cows with retained foetal membranes (RFM), leaving the RFM untreated. The main PGF2 alpha metabolite, 15-ketodihydro-PGF2 alpha, was measured in blood plasma collected twice daily during the first 50-60 days after delivery. Progesterone was monitored from all morning samples to evaluate the resumption of ovarian activity. The plasma levels of 15-ketodihydro-PGF2 alpha were arbitrarily considered to be significantly elevated between 6-24 days when they exceeded the mean basal value + 2 standard deviations. Comparison between this duration in days of the post-partum PGF2 alpha release and the time required for the completion of uterine involution, placental shedding and last day of post-partum clinical signs showed no significant relations. However, prior to a final decrease below a line of significance of 233-590 pmol/l, pronounced sustained and pulsatile release of PGF2 alpha occurred in relation to the increased frequency of the bacteriological findings. These additional periods of PGF2 alpha release were described as the "total" duration of post-partum release, and were found to be positively correlated with the time required for uterine involution from the stand point of rectal palpation (p < 0.05), while a tendency towards a positive relationship existed for the last day post-partum of clinical signs (p = 0.11). Progesterone analysis revealed resumption of ovarian activity and the first ovulation occurred between 19-29 days in 70% of the cows. The levels of the PGF2 alpha metabolite were again high at the time of luteolysis, thus terminating the luteal phase in the ovulating animals. Thus, it is seen that non-removal of the RFM or the resultant intrauterine infection do not prolong the duration of the immediate post-partum release of PGF2 alpha as compared to normal animals. However, a second release is associated with the increased frequency of uterine infections, indicating that PGF2 alpha may play a role for the early elimination of the infections.