First metabolic profiling of Indian wild edible mushroom Amanita hemibapha reveals antimicrobial compounds that infers selective activity against gram-positive human pathogens.

Amanita hemibapha, a wild edible mushroom from Western Ghats area of India, has been underexplored for its therapeutic properties. The present study uncovered selective inhibition of gram-positive human pathogens by the mushroom extracts and antibiofilm activity as the first report among the Amanita genus. The chloroform extract displayed the most effective inhibition against Streptococcus pyogenes, with both Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum bactericidal concentration registering at 6 mg/mL, and effective biofilm inhibition was recording at 4 mg/mL. Metabolic profiling of the chloroform fraction revealed an array of fatty acids, especially oleic acid and its derivatives like Oleoyl lysophosphatidylcholine and Azelaic acid, known to be selective for gram-positive pathogens. Sphingolipids like D-Sphingosine, Safingol, and threo-sphingosine profiled in the extract are effective gram-positive inhibitors. Metabolic profiling revealed the presence of medicinal and health-beneficial fatty acids/lipids in A. hemibapha.