Chemical Compositions, Traditional Applications, and Biological Activities of Gnaphalium affine D. Don: A Comprehensive Review.

Gnaphalium affine D. Don (G. affine), a genus within the genus Gnaphalium of the Asteraceae family, is recognized as a significant medicinal resource. Phytochemical investigations identified various bioactive compounds in G. affine, including flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and amino acids. These compounds exhibit a range of pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, cough expectorant, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism, reduction of uric acid levels, hepatoprotective effects, and anti-tumor activities. However, research concerning the chemical composition, biological activities, and potential applications of synthesized G. affine remains limited. In light of the growing interest in this species, the present paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research advancements related to the traditional applications, chemical constituents, and biological effects of G. affine. Additionally, this study will discuss future prospects for the development and application of G. affine to enhance its utilization in various fields.