Occupational injury risk and workplace safety challenges among adults with ADHD: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can persist into adulthood and impair occupational functioning. Increasing evidence suggests that adults with ADHD are at elevated risk for workplace accidents due to core symptoms such as inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.

OBJECTIVE

This study systematically reviews the literature to examine the association between adult ADHD and occupational injuries, focusing on risk patterns, contributing mechanisms, and potential workplace accommodations.

METHODS

A systematic literature review was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. A total of 29 peer-reviewed articles were included based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed regarding injury risks, industry-specific outcomes, and intervention strategies.

RESULTS

Adults with ADHD were found to have 1.8 to 2.3 times greater risk of occupational injuries compared to neurotypical peers. High-risk industries, including manufacturing and construction, showed the most significant associations. Contributing factors included noncompliance with safety protocols, impulsive behavior, and distraction. Effective interventions include medication, job reassignment, structured feedback, and environmental modifications.

CONCLUSION

The findings emphasize the importance of recognizing ADHD as a risk factor in occupational safety management. Tailored safety training, organizational policy adjustments, and legal protections are necessary to enhance workplace safety for neurodiverse workers.