Annuloaortic ectasia in a 16 year-old boy with Loeys-Dietz syndrome.

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a rare genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant inheritance due to mutations in the transforming growth factor beta-receptor type 1 or type 2. The disease is characterised by the triad of hypertelorism, bifid uvula or cleft palate, arterial tortuosity and aortic aneurysms. These phenotypic characteristics distinguish LDS from other connective tissue disorders related to transforming growth factor beta-receptor. Patients with LDS have a high risk of aortic dissection or rupture at a younger age and smaller aortic diameters. So, clinical suspicion of LDS followed by genotyping is important to prevent aortic dissection, leading cause of death, by surgical treatment.