Systemic Immune-Inflammation Indices in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Recently Proposed as Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome): Evidence from Obese and Nonobese Phenotypes.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate whether these markers reflect an inflammatory state independent of obesity.

METHODS

A total of 140 adolescents (64 PCOS, 76 controls) were included. The groups were further subdivided based on BMI percentiles into obese (Group 1a: PCOS-obese, Group 2a: Control-obese) and nonobese (Group 1b: PCOS-nonobese, Group 2b: Control-nonobese) subgroups. Diagnosis of PCOS was based on the 2023 international evidence-based guidelines for adolescents. SII and PIV were calculated from complete blood count parameters.

RESULTS

SII and PIV levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared to controls (P = .001 and P = .004, respectively). In subgroup analysis, SII remained significantly elevated in nonobese PCOS patients compared to nonobese controls (582.39 ± 276.52 vs 406.44 ± 116.73, P = .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified SII as an independent predictor for PCOS (P = .019). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed moderate diagnostic performance for SII (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.672) and PIV (AUC: 0.655).

CONCLUSION

SII and PIV are elevated in adolescent PCOS independently of obesity, particularly in the nonobese phenotype. These cost-effective, hemogram-derived indices provide a valuable clinical snapshot of the systemic inflammatory burden and may provide insight into the inflammatory milieu associated with PCOS in adolescence for future metabolic complications.