Five New Sesquiterpenoids From the Fruits of Torilis japonica With Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activity.

Five new sesquiterpenoids, named torijapolides A‒E, including three germacrane-type (1‒3) and two cadinene-type sesquiterpenoids (4‒5), were isolated from the fruits of Torilis japonica. Their structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including MS, UV, IR, and 1D/2D NMR and quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD). In bioactivity evaluation, all isolates were evaluated for their inhibition effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibition of NO release, with IC50 values of 8.38 ± 0.06 µM and 10.27 ± 0.68 µM, respectively.