Mastitis and toxic shock syndrome (tampon disease).

The present report draws attention to the toxic shock syndrome in combination with non-menstruation-associated disease. A patient with mastitis and TSS is described. The relevant literature is reviewed and discussed in relation to this patient. Physicians should be alert for TSS when a patient presents with non-understood shock and fever in the absence of positive blood cultures, even when there is no relation to menstruation or no history of previous use of tampons.