Antibiotics and Uterine Flushing versus Antibiotics Alone for Chronic Endometritis with Thin Endometrium in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to investigate whether uterine cavity flushing combined with antibiotic administration, improves the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology for patients with thin endometrium (<7 mm) associated with chronic endometritis.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 202 patients. Subsequently, a single frozen-thawed embryo of high morphological quality (≥4AB) was transferred either in an artificial cycle or on day 7 after the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak in the natural cycle. The parameters measured included the number of CD138-positive plasma cells in the endometrial stroma, endometrial thickness on the day of embryo transfer, clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and live birth rate (LBR).

RESULTS

Following treatment with endometrial flushing and antibiotics (group 1), there was a significant increase in endometrial thickness compared to antibiotics alone (group 2): 9.93 ± 1.37 mm vs. 8.2 ± 0.4 mm (P<0.001). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in the number of CD138-positive plasma cells in the endometrial stroma: 0.4 ± 0.8 vs. 4.1 ± 5.2 (P<0.001). The CPR with high-quality ET was 68.6 vs. 48%, respectively (P=0.016). The take-home baby rate was 60.8 vs. 39%, respectively (P=0.002).

CONCLUSION

Therapy for chronic endometritis, which includes uterine flushing along with antibacterial treatment, when compared with the standard treatment method, resulted in a significant reduction in the clinical symptoms of chronic endometritis (CE) and can enhance the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology treatments.