Volumetric assessment of lower limb oedema using 3D laser scanning technique: a systematic review.

Clinically, oedema is described as an abnormal build-up of interstitial fluid in the body that is enough to produce palpable swelling. Its assessment offers valuable information to clinicians as this can inform management interventions; and help monitor adherence to home therapy programmes and activity levels. The aim of this systematic review is to establish the utility of 3D scanning technologies in the assessment of lower limb oedema. A computer-based search was completed in October 2020. Four studies were identified which utilised a 3D scanner to measure lower limb oedema. A review of the studies found very little evidence to support the efficacy of 3D laser scanning technology, although they show that the use of the technology is feasible. Current methods of lower leg oedema measurement have issues with reliability, practicability and time taken. There is a need for future studies to validate new methods of oedema assessment using technologies such as 3D laser scanning.