[Theoretical and methodological aspects of anesthesiology].

In the author's opinion, the uncertainty and incompleteness of the phenomenological concept of general anesthesia negatively affect researches. The basis of the vast majority of dissertations on anesthesiology and resuscitation is a comparison of 2-3 procedures of anesthesiological provision. The author considers the surgical stage of anesthesia as a type of the body's genetically determined passive defensive reaction. The neurophysiological basis of this reaction is a temporarily dominant reflex system (a dominant) that has its own intrinsic adequacy criteria controlled by an acceptor of the result of action. Parallels are drawn with the naturally occurring states of biological objects, which are reminiscent of those of the surgical stage of anesthesia. The similarity of lethargy, catatonic stupor, and absence with the surgical stage of anesthesia is discussed. The author considers that anesthesiological supply adequate to the conditions of a surgical operation ensures the turning on and most complete realization of the body's natural compensatory capacities as an intricate self-regulating system.