Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
Comparative structural characterization and protective effects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury of polysaccharides from two major Chinese yam cultivars (Dioscorea opposita Thunb).
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Xie Guojie, Li Longqin, Hu Xueqian, Ma Ang, Ying Yi, Zhang Shujie, Lyu Hai-Ning, Zhao Hui, Hu Xiaoyu, Gong Zipeng, Wang Jigang, Liu Dandan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) is a widely consumed edible and medicinal crop. Its polysaccharides are promising food-derived bioactive ingredients. However, cultivar-dependent consistency remains insufficiently defined. This issue is important for functional ingredient standardization. In this study, crude polysaccharide fractions isolated from two representative cultivars, Xiao-Bai-Zui and Tie-Gun, were designated CYP-XBZ and CYP-TG and comparatively evaluated.
METHODS: The molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, UV-visible spectra, and FT-IR characteristics of the two polysaccharide fractions were compared. Their protective effects were evaluated in H9c2 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and in a rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Furthermore, transcriptomics, proteomics, and Western blotting were integrated to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
RESULTS: CYP-XBZ and CYP-TG exhibited broadly similar molecular weight distribution patterns, glucan-dominant monosaccharide compositions, and characteristic polysaccharide spectral features. However, minor differences in molecular heterogeneity and monosaccharide proportions were observed. In OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells, both fractions significantly improved cell viability and reduced CK-MB, cTnT, and 8-OHdG levels. Multi-omics analyses revealed that the shared protective effects were mainly associated with stress and inflammation-related pathways, particularly the MyD88-associated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. These findings were further confirmed by Western blotting. In the rat model of MI/RI, oral administration of both polysaccharide fractions reduced infarct size and alleviated histopathological injury. They also decreased serum biomarkers of myocardial injury and oxidative stress.
CONCLUSION: Polysaccharides from the two major Chinese yam cultivars showed highly comparable structural features, cardio protective effects, and regulatory mechanisms. These findings support the functional consistency of these cultivars as sources of bioactive polysaccharides and highlight their potential as food-derived functional ingredients for cardiovascular and nutrition-related health.
METHODS: The molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, UV-visible spectra, and FT-IR characteristics of the two polysaccharide fractions were compared. Their protective effects were evaluated in H9c2 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and in a rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Furthermore, transcriptomics, proteomics, and Western blotting were integrated to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
RESULTS: CYP-XBZ and CYP-TG exhibited broadly similar molecular weight distribution patterns, glucan-dominant monosaccharide compositions, and characteristic polysaccharide spectral features. However, minor differences in molecular heterogeneity and monosaccharide proportions were observed. In OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells, both fractions significantly improved cell viability and reduced CK-MB, cTnT, and 8-OHdG levels. Multi-omics analyses revealed that the shared protective effects were mainly associated with stress and inflammation-related pathways, particularly the MyD88-associated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. These findings were further confirmed by Western blotting. In the rat model of MI/RI, oral administration of both polysaccharide fractions reduced infarct size and alleviated histopathological injury. They also decreased serum biomarkers of myocardial injury and oxidative stress.
CONCLUSION: Polysaccharides from the two major Chinese yam cultivars showed highly comparable structural features, cardio protective effects, and regulatory mechanisms. These findings support the functional consistency of these cultivars as sources of bioactive polysaccharides and highlight their potential as food-derived functional ingredients for cardiovascular and nutrition-related health.