The value of first trimester inflammatory indices in predicting the development of preeclampsia in the third trimester.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of hematologic inflammatory markers measured during the first trimester for developing preeclampsia in the third trimester.

METHODS

This retrospective study included 192 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia and 159 healthy pregnant women who presented to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Sİrnak State Hospital between March 2024 and March 2025. Demographic data, obstetric history, and laboratory results were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory markers derived from complete blood count parameters—including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI)—were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The mean age in the preeclampsia group was significantly higher (p = 0.002), while gestational age at delivery and birth weight were significantly lower (p < 0.001). Levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, and inflammatory markers such as NLR, SII, SIRI, and AISI were significantly lower in the preeclampsia group (p < 0.05). Monocyte counts were also significantly lower (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding PLR and LMR.

CONCLUSION

Certain hematological inflammatory markers measured in the first trimester may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting the development of preeclampsia. Incorporating these markers into routine prenatal follow-up could contribute to the early identification of high-risk pregnancies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was not registered in a trial registry as it is a retrospective observational study involving analysis of previously collected data.