[Urinary cytology in patients with urolithiasis].

Urinary cytological examination was performed on 1032 patients of urolithiasis at the Department of Urology, Chiba University Hospital between 1980 and 1990. Seven hundred twenty-four were male and 308 were female, and the mean age was 44 years. The results of cytological examination of I-II and IV-V were classified as negative and positive, respectively. Eleven patients (1.1%) were positive, 2 of whom were found to be with renal pelvic tumor. False-positive findings were noticed in 9 cases (0.9%), and the abnormal cytologic changes in these cases disappeared after the calculi were removed. In negative cytological cases, 2 cases of renal pelvic tumor were found, one at nephrectomy and the other at percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. These cases were with staghorn calculi with hydronephrosis. The significance of cytological examination in management of calculous diseases were discussed.