Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2025
Comprehensive evaluation of Onosma rostellatum: antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and anticancer properties of root and leaf extracts.
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Şen İsmail, Yeşildal Tuğçe Karaduman, Abdulqadir Ako Hamasaeed, Yaman İsa, Tosun Sıla Nur, Zengin Gökhan, Cakmak Yavuz Selim
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The incidence and mortality of diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and diabetes have increased in recent years. Along with limited treatment success, severe side effects of synthetic drugs are a major concern. Therefore, natural bioactive compounds are gaining attention as alternative therapeutic agents due to their efficacy and lower toxicity. This study investigated the protective and therapeutic potential of extracts of different parts of Onosma rostellatum, a plant used in traditional medicine, in terms of their antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and anticancer activities.
RESULTS: Antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, anticancer activities and phenolic composition of the extracts were evaluated. Methanol leaf extract showed the strongest activity in antioxidant assays, with the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (46.59 ± 0.03 g Trolox equivalents (TE) kg-1) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (90.74 ± 0.59 g TE kg-1) activities, while the root methanol extract exhibited the strongest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity (453.86 ± 2.20 g TE kg-1) and the highest cupric reducing antioxidant capacity value (243.64 ± 0.49 g TE kg-1). The aqueous leaf extract demonstrated superior metal-chelating ability (32.59 ± 0.13 g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid kg-1). Leaf extracts displayed the highest copper ion reducing capacity (94.64 ± 0.23 g TE kg-1). Ethyl acetate leaf extracts showed the most significant inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis revealed rosmarinic acid and quercetin as major phenolic constituents. In cell culture experiments, the ethyl acetate leaf extract demonstrated the most potent anticancer effect, with an IC50 value of 167.2 ± 0.32 μg mL-1 after 72 h.
CONCLUSION: Onosma rostellatum extracts possess strong antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and anticancer activities, largely associated with their phenolic components. These findings highlight the potential of this plant as a natural source of therapeutic agents. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: Antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, anticancer activities and phenolic composition of the extracts were evaluated. Methanol leaf extract showed the strongest activity in antioxidant assays, with the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (46.59 ± 0.03 g Trolox equivalents (TE) kg-1) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (90.74 ± 0.59 g TE kg-1) activities, while the root methanol extract exhibited the strongest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity (453.86 ± 2.20 g TE kg-1) and the highest cupric reducing antioxidant capacity value (243.64 ± 0.49 g TE kg-1). The aqueous leaf extract demonstrated superior metal-chelating ability (32.59 ± 0.13 g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid kg-1). Leaf extracts displayed the highest copper ion reducing capacity (94.64 ± 0.23 g TE kg-1). Ethyl acetate leaf extracts showed the most significant inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis revealed rosmarinic acid and quercetin as major phenolic constituents. In cell culture experiments, the ethyl acetate leaf extract demonstrated the most potent anticancer effect, with an IC50 value of 167.2 ± 0.32 μg mL-1 after 72 h.
CONCLUSION: Onosma rostellatum extracts possess strong antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and anticancer activities, largely associated with their phenolic components. These findings highlight the potential of this plant as a natural source of therapeutic agents. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.