Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2025
Durations of fever and other symptoms among COVID-19 outpatients administered ensitrelvir during the 2023 Japanese XBB epidemic period.
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Kawai Naoki, Bando Takuma, Goto Takeyuki, Matsuura Shinro, Nagao Shin, Tanaka Osame, Kawashima Takashi, Chong Young, Ikematsu Hideyuki
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This retrospective study evaluated factors influencing fever and symptom durations and the real-world effectiveness of ensitrelvir in mild to moderate COVID-19 outpatients during Japan's 2023 Omicron XBB epidemic.
METHODS: Clinical data were collected via questionnaire. Multiple regression identified factors associated with fever and symptom durations. Durations were compared between patients treated with or without ensitrelvir using stratified analysis and three propensity score matchings (PSM): first (age, sex, vaccination, prior infection), second (fever ≥38 °C, ≥3 symptoms, ≥3 vaccine doses), and third (fatigue, sore throat, gastrointestinal symptoms).
RESULTS: Data from 126 outpatients were analyzed: 85 received ensitrelvir, 41 did not. Ensitrelvir use and ≥3 vaccinations were independently associated with shorter fever duration. Median fever duration was significantly shorter with ensitrelvir (43 vs. 67 h, p = 0.0017). Stratified analysis showed shorter fever duration in patients with ≥38 °C (p = 0.0022) and shorter symptom duration with ≥3 symptoms (p = 0.031). Both durations remained significantly shorter after first (p < 0.001; p = 0.011), second (p = 0.0044; p = 0.025), and third PSM (p = 0.0058; p = 0.015).
CONCLUSIONS: Ensitrelvir significantly shortened fever and symptom durations in mild to moderate COVID-19 outpatients. Patients with higher fever or more symptoms may benefit, even with repeated COVID-19 vaccination.
METHODS: Clinical data were collected via questionnaire. Multiple regression identified factors associated with fever and symptom durations. Durations were compared between patients treated with or without ensitrelvir using stratified analysis and three propensity score matchings (PSM): first (age, sex, vaccination, prior infection), second (fever ≥38 °C, ≥3 symptoms, ≥3 vaccine doses), and third (fatigue, sore throat, gastrointestinal symptoms).
RESULTS: Data from 126 outpatients were analyzed: 85 received ensitrelvir, 41 did not. Ensitrelvir use and ≥3 vaccinations were independently associated with shorter fever duration. Median fever duration was significantly shorter with ensitrelvir (43 vs. 67 h, p = 0.0017). Stratified analysis showed shorter fever duration in patients with ≥38 °C (p = 0.0022) and shorter symptom duration with ≥3 symptoms (p = 0.031). Both durations remained significantly shorter after first (p < 0.001; p = 0.011), second (p = 0.0044; p = 0.025), and third PSM (p = 0.0058; p = 0.015).
CONCLUSIONS: Ensitrelvir significantly shortened fever and symptom durations in mild to moderate COVID-19 outpatients. Patients with higher fever or more symptoms may benefit, even with repeated COVID-19 vaccination.