People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Receiving Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Show Typical Antibody Durability After Dual Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination and Strong Third Dose Responses.
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Lapointe Hope R, Mwimanzi Francis, Cheung Peter K, Sang Yurou, Yaseen Fatima, Umviligihozo Gisele, Kalikawe Rebecca, Speckmaier Sarah, Moran-Garcia Nadia, Datwani Sneha, Duncan Maggie C, Agafitei Olga, Ennis Siobhan, Young Landon, Ali Hesham, Ganase Bruce, Omondi F Harrison, Dong Winnie, Toy Junine, Sereda Paul, Burns Laura, Costiniuk Cecilia T, Cooper Curtis, Anis Aslam H, Leung Victor, Holmes Daniel T, DeMarco Mari L, Simons Janet, Hedgcock Malcolm, Prystajecky Natalie, Lowe Christopher F, Pantophlet Ralph, Romney Marc G, Barrios Rolando, Guillemi Silvia, Brumme Chanson J, Montaner Julio S G, Hull Mark, Harris Marianne, Niikura Masahiro, Brockman Mark A, Brumme Zabrina L
Аннотация
METHODS: We measured antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein receptor-binding domain, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) displacement, and viral neutralization against wild-type and Omicron strains up to 6 months after 2-dose vaccination, and 1 month after the third dose, in 99 PLWH receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy and 152 controls.
RESULTS: Although humoral responses naturally decline after 2-dose vaccination, we found no evidence of lower antibody concentrations or faster rates of antibody decline in PLWH compared with controls after accounting for sociodemographic, health, and vaccine-related factors. We also found no evidence of poorer viral neutralization in PLWH after 2 doses, nor evidence that a low nadir CD4+ T-cell count compromised responses. Post-third-dose humoral responses substantially exceeded post-second-dose levels, though Omicron-specific responses were consistently weaker than responses against wild-type virus. Nevertheless, post-third-dose responses in PLWH were comparable to or higher than controls. An mRNA-1273 third dose was the strongest consistent correlate of higher post-third-dose responses.
CONCLUSION: PLWH receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy mount strong antibody responses after 2- and 3-dose COVID-19 vaccination. Results underscore the immune benefits of third doses in light of Omicron.