Clinical outcomes of dalbavancin versus standard therapy for non-severe skin and soft-tissue infections as well as bone and joint infections: a retrospective observational study.

BACKGROUND

The burden of bacterial infections, including skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI) and bone and joint infections (BJI), is substantial. We aimed to assess clinical outcomes in non-severe cases of SSTI and BJI following dalbavancin treatment compared with those after other standard treatments.

METHODS

This retrospective observational study used the multicentre TriNetX electronic medical records database. Following propensity score matching (PSM), ORs with 95% CIs were estimated to compare hospitalization risk following dalbavancin administration relative to other antimicrobials.

RESULTS

Before PSM, 957 and 73 853 participants were identified in the dalbavancin and other standard treatment groups, respectively. After PSM, 957 patients remained in each cohort, with hospitalization observed in 167 (17.5%) and 239 (25.0%) participants in the dalbavancin and other standard treatment groups, respectively (OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.51-0.79]; P < 0.001). The ORs for hospitalization were 0.67 [0.54-0.84]; P < 0.001 and 0.60 [0.48-0.75]; P < 0.001 by comparing with for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) covering antimicrobials and MRSA non-covering antimicrobials in the standard treatment group, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Dalbavancin treatment was associated with significantly fewer hospitalizations than standard therapy in non-severe cases of SSTI and BJI. The results should be interpreted cautiously due to selection bias and potential unmeasured confounders.