Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2026
Performance of anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and lipid-related indices for metabolic syndrome and low muscle mass in older Mexican adults.
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Garrido-Dzib Angel Gabriel, Lugo Roberto, Avila-Nava Azalia, Chim-Aké Rodolfo, Guevara-Cruz Martha, Gutiérrez-Solis Ana Ligia
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and low muscle mass in older adults remains challenging, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although several anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and lipid-related indices have been proposed, evidence in older Mexican populations is scarce. This study evaluated these indices and their ability to discriminate MetS and low muscle mass in older adults.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This cross-sectional study included 117 adults aged ≥60 years. MetS prevalence was 33.3%, and 90% had low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). In women, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and cardiometabolic index (CMI) showed the highest discriminative ability for MetS (AUC = 0.904), followed by the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (AUC = 0.890). In men, waist circumference (WC) and abdominal volume index (AVI) showed moderate performance (AUC = 0.750). For low muscle mass, BMI showed the highest discriminative capacity in women (AUC = 0.928; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Cardiometabolic indices showed better performance for MetS detection in women, whereas anthropometric measures performed better in men. BMI showed the highest discriminatory ability for identifying low muscle mass in women, while most indices showed limited performance in men. These findings suggest potential sex-related differences in the utility of screening indices among older adults and warrant confirmation in larger studies.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This cross-sectional study included 117 adults aged ≥60 years. MetS prevalence was 33.3%, and 90% had low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). In women, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and cardiometabolic index (CMI) showed the highest discriminative ability for MetS (AUC = 0.904), followed by the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (AUC = 0.890). In men, waist circumference (WC) and abdominal volume index (AVI) showed moderate performance (AUC = 0.750). For low muscle mass, BMI showed the highest discriminative capacity in women (AUC = 0.928; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Cardiometabolic indices showed better performance for MetS detection in women, whereas anthropometric measures performed better in men. BMI showed the highest discriminatory ability for identifying low muscle mass in women, while most indices showed limited performance in men. These findings suggest potential sex-related differences in the utility of screening indices among older adults and warrant confirmation in larger studies.