[Not Available].

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of opioid addiction on pregnancy, perinatal period, and the long-term development of mother and child. MATERIAL AND

METHODS

Records of 44 opioid-dependent women and their children were analyzed. Thirty-three patients were enrolled in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs or received codeine.

RESULTS

Problems during pregnancy were premature rupture of membranes (n = 8), premature labor (n = 21), premature delivery (n = 9), abruption placentae (n = 2), cesarean section (n = 10), and fetal growth retardation (n = 15). Whereas MMT improved fetal growth, no influence was seen on other problems during pregnancy. Thirty newborns had significant withdrawal symptoms. One child became HIV-positive and two children required treatment for suspected congenital syphilis. One child died of sudden infant death syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

The major goal has to be the avoidance of an unwanted pregnancy. Does it still happen, the patient needs special support. If an opioid-dependent woman presents herself the first time, an anamnesis concerning drugs in addition to a general anamnesis should be arisen.