Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young: case report and literature review.

Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) typically manifests as an epileptogenic subtype, posing challenges in differential diagnosis. Here, we report an unusual case of a PLNTY in a 14-year-old girl who was admitted to the hospital with acute headache, nausea, and vomiting. The tumor was initially misdiagnosed as ganglioglioma on imaging, and then diagnosed as PLNTY based on surgical and pathologic findings. The patient did not present with typical epileptic symptoms. PLNTY is a rare low-grade brain tumor that occurs in adolescents, with imaging manifestations similar to those of other neuroepithelial tumors, that can easily lead to misdiagnosis. In this article, we discuss the clinical features, imaging manifestations, pathologic findings, and molecular mechanisms of PLNTY in the context of this case, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and treatment.