Dizziness.

A structured, problem-based history and physical examination are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment of an acutely dizzy patient. The ATTEST or STANDING algorithms are diagnostic approaches for acute vertigo patients presenting to the emergency department. First rule out stroke or look for obvious medical causes. If negative, follow either the ATTEST or STANDING algorithms to differentiate peripheral from central causes of dizziness by separating them into different categories of episodic vestibular syndrome or acute vestibular syndrome. The Dix-Hallpike maneuver is used to diagnose posterior canal benign positional paroxysmal vertigo in patients with triggered episodic vestibular syndrome.