[Relugolix : the first oral GnRH receptor antagonist for the treatment of advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer].

Relugolix is a recently introduced oral GnRH («Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone») antagonist for the management of advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Unlike GnRH agonists, it directly and rapidly suppresses LH and FSH secretion without inducing an initial testosterone surge («flare up effect»), thereby avoiding transient clinical symptom exacerbation. The phase III HERO trial demonstrated its superiority over leuprolide, showing a faster and deeper testosterone suppression along with significantly faster hormonal recovery after treatment discontinuation. Moreover, relugolix was associated with a 54 % reduction in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, a particularly relevant benefit in this high-risk patient population. The treatment was generally well tolerated, with mostly grade 1 or 2 adverse events. Its oral formulation, once-daily dosing, and rapid reversibility position relugolix as a promising therapeutic option, especially in individualized treatment strategies.