Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
Comparative analysis of virulence and resistance gene profiles between carbapenem-resistant and ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.
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Lou Dandan, Huang Linhui, Chang Yanzi, Feng Xudong, Gao Hui, Li Hong, Tu Yanye
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the virulence characteristics and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CR-EC), and to explore the potential effects of these traits on the evolutionary dynamics of Escherichia coli and the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Ningbo.
METHODS: A total of 112 E. coli isolates obtained from The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2021 and December 2023 were included, comprising 72 ESBLs-EC isolates and 40 CR-EC isolates. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed with the VITEK-2 Compact system, and all susceptibility results were verified by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect virulence genes and resistance genes. Clonal lineage analysis of the 112 E. coli isolates was performed with GrapeTree software.
RESULTS: Among the 112 E. coli isolates subjected to sequence type (ST) analysis, ST131 was the most common ST among ESBLs-EC isolates, whereas ST410 accounted for the largest proportion among CR-EC isolates. PCR-based screening of resistance genes showed that bla CTX-M was the predominant β-lactam resistance gene carried by ESBLs-EC isolates (93.06%, 67/72), whereas bla TEM was predominant in CR-EC isolates (52.50%, 21/40), with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). No carbapenemase resistance genes were detected in ESBLs-EC isolates, whereas bla NDM and bla KPC were detected in 62.50% (25/40) and 7.50% (3/40) of CR-EC isolates, respectively, with significant differences between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). PCR-based virulence gene typing showed that, after Bonferroni correction, the carriage proportions of the iron acquisition system genes fyuA (72.22% vs. 40.00%) and iutA (69.44% vs. 37.50%) and the PAI (40.28% vs. 0%) were significantly higher in ESBLs-EC isolates than in CR-EC isolates, with all corrected P values < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: At present, E. coli isolates circulating in Ningbo are mainly represented by bla CTX-M -type ESBLs-EC and bla NDM -type CR-EC, showing an evolutionary trend characterized by high resistance and low virulence.
METHODS: A total of 112 E. coli isolates obtained from The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2021 and December 2023 were included, comprising 72 ESBLs-EC isolates and 40 CR-EC isolates. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed with the VITEK-2 Compact system, and all susceptibility results were verified by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect virulence genes and resistance genes. Clonal lineage analysis of the 112 E. coli isolates was performed with GrapeTree software.
RESULTS: Among the 112 E. coli isolates subjected to sequence type (ST) analysis, ST131 was the most common ST among ESBLs-EC isolates, whereas ST410 accounted for the largest proportion among CR-EC isolates. PCR-based screening of resistance genes showed that bla CTX-M was the predominant β-lactam resistance gene carried by ESBLs-EC isolates (93.06%, 67/72), whereas bla TEM was predominant in CR-EC isolates (52.50%, 21/40), with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). No carbapenemase resistance genes were detected in ESBLs-EC isolates, whereas bla NDM and bla KPC were detected in 62.50% (25/40) and 7.50% (3/40) of CR-EC isolates, respectively, with significant differences between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). PCR-based virulence gene typing showed that, after Bonferroni correction, the carriage proportions of the iron acquisition system genes fyuA (72.22% vs. 40.00%) and iutA (69.44% vs. 37.50%) and the PAI (40.28% vs. 0%) were significantly higher in ESBLs-EC isolates than in CR-EC isolates, with all corrected P values < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: At present, E. coli isolates circulating in Ningbo are mainly represented by bla CTX-M -type ESBLs-EC and bla NDM -type CR-EC, showing an evolutionary trend characterized by high resistance and low virulence.