Smartphone-aided fluorescent probe combining lateral flow assay for Cys testing in food and organism.

Combining the fluorescent probe, smartphone and lateral flow assay (LFA) to form a new detecting system, which will meet the requirements of rapid, convenient and on-site analysis of Cys. In this study, BDP-SINO based on BODIPY was developed and displayed high signal-to-noise ratio (363-fold) and fast response speed (1.0 min) for monitoring Cys. Simultaneously, BDP-SINO was successfully utilized to determine Cys in various liquid and solid extraction samples. With the assistance of a smartphone, BDP-SINO loaded test strips and microporous filter membranes could be utilized for portable, real-time visualization and quantitative detection of Cys. Furthermore, the combination of smartphone, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and LFA provided new detecting system for qualitative detection of Cys. Besides, BDP-SINO had good biocompatibility and was able to fluorescently image Cys in living cells and mice. In summary, the detection system based on BDP-SINO realized identification of Cys in diverse application scenarios.