Anesthetic Challenges in an Infant With Tetralogy of Fallot Posted for Non-cardiac Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The goal of this article is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the current perioperative anesthetic management of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing non-cardiac surgery. This report discusses a case of a nine-month-old female with Tetralogy of Fallot who was scheduled for non-cardiac surgery for anorectal malformation stage 1 and stage 2 repair. This case study discusses how to adjust perioperative anesthesia care in cases of left-to-right shunt, right-to-left shunt, and complex cardiac disease. In addition, the author discusses special considerations such as pulmonary hypertension, newborns with CHD undergoing extracardiac surgery, and the importance of regional anesthesia in children with CHD undergoing non-cardiac surgery.