Evaluation of Body and Udder Temperatures and Mammary Gland Health Status Throughout Lactation in Manchega Dairy Sheep.

In Manchega sheep, correlations between temperatures across various body regions, including the udder, under differing environmental conditions, stages of lactation, and states of mammary gland health have not been extensively explored. To address this, a group of 108 Manchega sheep was evaluated monthly over a period of six months. Ambient, rectal, lacrimal, perianal, and udder surface temperatures, alongside mammary gland health status indicators such as somatic cell count (SCC) and microbiological milk culture, were recorded. This study investigated the correlations between these temperature measurements and SCC levels. Mammary glands were classified based on their SCC (greater or lesser than 400,000 cells/mL) and the results of the microbiological cultures (more or less than five colonies in 20 µL of milk). This study found no correlation between body surface temperatures and rectal temperatures. SCC showed a low negative correlation with udder surface temperatures. Notably, mammary glands with SCC levels exceeding 400,000 cells/mL exhibited lower udder surface temperatures. This research underscores the Manchega breed's ability to adapt to varying ambient temperatures and the necessity for further studies to better elucidate the relationship between inflammation and temperature changes in the udder during intramammary infections.