[Importance of cytogenetic analysis in patients with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia undergoing in vitro fertilization].

The karyotypic analysis was performed to assess the importance of genetic factor in male infertility. For that purpose, chromosomal analysis in blood lymphocytes was performed in 28 males, candidates for ICSI with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia and in their spouses. Although chromosomal aberrations were identified in as many as 11 couples, (in 6 couples aberrations were identified in male, in 4 other couples in female partner, whereas in 1 one couple they were detected in both partners) their risk for potential offspring is unequal. Balanced autosomal aberrations detected in two males (7%) constitute a high risk since they can cause not only infertility but also severe somatic abnormalities if transferred as the unbalanced ones to the next generation. The remaining 9 chromosomal aberrations identified in this study were present in mosaic additional cell lines with low representation. In 8 of them sex chromosomes and in 1 an autosom were involved. Although these mosaic chromosomal aberrations can lower efficiency of in vitro fertilisation, the probability that they can be transferred to the next generation causing somatic abnormalities is not high. This study indicates that in case of azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, the karyotypic analysis should be performed in both partners prior to in vitro fertilisation.