How does high-density built-environment affect the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus.

As one of the prevalent complications during pregnancy, this study discussed the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and multi-source built-environment from the perspective of different spatial scales in mega-cities. This study centered on 4,355 women at a Shanghai hospital. Thirteen variables were selected, then multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) was used to clarity how these variables relate to GDM. The results showed that: MGWR effectively revealed the relationship between the built environment and GDM at different scales. At specific spatial scales, building-density (BD) and sky view factor (SVF) exhibit pronounced spatial heterogeneity. Based on the mean coefficients in MGWR, it can be inferred that for every 0.1 increase in SVF and green view index (GVI), the probability of GDM decreases by 3% and 1%. These findings delve into the association between the built environment and lifestyle-related diseases. They underscore the significance of developing place-specific policies in health interventions and urban planning.