Granulomatous liver disease in a referral center in Mexico city.

INTRODUCTION AND

OBJECTIVES

Up to 15 % of liver biopsies may reveal granulomas. The underlying causes vary geographically, with marked differences between high- and low-middle-income countries. No studies have examined the etiology of granulomatous liver disease (GLD) in Mexico. This study aims to describe the etiologic profile and clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with GLD at a tertiary care center in Mexico.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with GLD by liver biopsy between 2001 and 2017.

RESULTS

We identified 133 patients with GLD. The most common causes were infectious diseases (36.1 %, n = 48; including 22 mycobacterial infections), foreign body reactions (21.1 %, n = 28), and autoimmune disorders (15.0 %, n = 20). The overall 6-month survival probability was 90.9 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 86-95 %), declining to 87.5 % (95 % CI, 82-93 %) at 12 months. Patients with autoimmune etiologies had the best prognosis (100 % survival at 6 and 12 months). In contrast, patients with neoplastic GLD had the poorest outcomes, with survival probabilities of 72.7 % (95 % CI, 50.6-100 %) at 6 months and 63.6 % (95 % CI, 40.7-99.5 %) at 12 months. Patients with idiopathic GLD had a favorable short-term prognosis, with a 12-month survival probability of 92 %.

CONCLUSIONS

In this cohort, infectious diseases were the most common cause of GLD. Prognosis varied by etiology, with idiopathic cases showing favorable short-term outcomes and neoplastic cases exhibiting poor survival rates.