[Surgical Experience of Infective Aneurysm of Brachial Artery Complicated with Infective Mitral Valve Endocarditis].

We report a rare case of aneurysmal formation of the left brachial artery complicated with infective endocarditis of the mitral valve. A 67-year-old man was referred to our institution for further examination of pulsatile mass at the left upper extremity. Computed tomography showed a left brachial arterial aneurysm with a diameter of 4 cm and gradual expansion of the aneurysm was also recognized. Furthermore, echocardiography revealed severe mitral valve regurgitation with a vegetation. There was no feature of congestive heart failure. He was diagnosed with subacute infective endocarditis and infective left brachial arterial aneurysm. Considering these clinical findings, staged surgical treatment was planned. He underwent resection of the brachial arterial aneurysm and bypass grafting with an autologous saphenous vein on an urgent basis. One month after the initial operation, elective mitral valve plasty was successfully performed. Although aneurysmal formation of the brachial artery subsequent to infective endocarditis is rare, we should keep this potentially serious complication in mind.