Open-window laparotomy during a transperitoneal approach to the lower lumbar vertebrae: new method for reducing complications.

There are numerous approaches for exploring the lower lumbar vertebrae, and the anterior transperitoneal route is one of the most popular. Like all surgical techniques, this approach has advantages and disadvantages. It provides direct access to the target tissue through a small incision, exposes the anterior portion of the vertebrae well, and permits good visualization of the major vessels, thus reducing risk of vascular injury and life-threatening hemorrhage. However, compared to the extraperitoneal route, the transperitoneal approach carries higher risks for peritoneal complications. This article describes a new practical method for creating an extraperitoneal passageway or "window" during transperitoneal approaches to the lower lumbar vertebrae. Isolation of the peritoneal cavity and its contents with this technique can reduce peri- and postoperative abdominal complications.