The Journal of hospital infection · 2026
The Role of Particulate Matter in Surgical Site Infection Pathogenesis: A Scoping Review.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Kewalramani Divya, Benton Justin, Loftus Tyler, Ali Hana, Harikrishnan Samyuktha, Randhawa Divya, Adeyemi Oluwaseun, Chattopadhyay Kaustav, Brisbon Jonathan, Madani Amin, Calderone Leonardo, Kaye Keith S, Sawyer Robert, Barie Philip S, Buckley Brian, Mainelis Gediminas, Narayan Mayur
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review examines relevant evidence to understand the associations between operating room (OpR) PM and SSI.
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Surgical site infections (SSIs), a substantial cause of postoperative morbidity, lead to prolonged hospitalization and increased healthcare cost. Studies have demonstrated airborne particulate matter (PM) to be a vector of exogenous bacterial contamination of the sterile field.
METHODS: A scoping review across PubMed®, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL databases for eligible studies including OR particulate matter, microbial load, ventilation, and SSI was performed. Non-English and non-human studies were excluded. Among 1,681 records, 21 met inclusion criteria - reporting 51 independent comparisons. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed.
RESULTS: Three (14.3%) studies employed direct PM measurement, whereas 18 studies (85.7%) used indirect proxy indicators such as ventilation system characteristics (n=17, 81.0%) and microbial air load (n=1, 4.8%). Substantial heterogeneity was demonstrated across four exposure domains: (1) particle size resolution, (2) temporal resolution, (3) spatial characteristics, (4) viable vs total PM.
CONCLUSION: PM is a biologically plausible, modifiable contributor to SSI development. Current approaches optimize room-level air metrics that correlate poorly with biologically relevant pathogen exposure at the surgical field. Dynamic, size-discriminatory measurement of PM remains a crucial gap essential to establish objective markers of SSI risk, thereby enabling the development and implementation of targeted, actionable environmental interventions for SSI prevention.
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Surgical site infections (SSIs), a substantial cause of postoperative morbidity, lead to prolonged hospitalization and increased healthcare cost. Studies have demonstrated airborne particulate matter (PM) to be a vector of exogenous bacterial contamination of the sterile field.
METHODS: A scoping review across PubMed®, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL databases for eligible studies including OR particulate matter, microbial load, ventilation, and SSI was performed. Non-English and non-human studies were excluded. Among 1,681 records, 21 met inclusion criteria - reporting 51 independent comparisons. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed.
RESULTS: Three (14.3%) studies employed direct PM measurement, whereas 18 studies (85.7%) used indirect proxy indicators such as ventilation system characteristics (n=17, 81.0%) and microbial air load (n=1, 4.8%). Substantial heterogeneity was demonstrated across four exposure domains: (1) particle size resolution, (2) temporal resolution, (3) spatial characteristics, (4) viable vs total PM.
CONCLUSION: PM is a biologically plausible, modifiable contributor to SSI development. Current approaches optimize room-level air metrics that correlate poorly with biologically relevant pathogen exposure at the surgical field. Dynamic, size-discriminatory measurement of PM remains a crucial gap essential to establish objective markers of SSI risk, thereby enabling the development and implementation of targeted, actionable environmental interventions for SSI prevention.