MOC-PSSM CME article: Nonsyndromic cleft palate.

LEARNING

OBJECTIVES

After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the embryology of normal palate development, and the genetic and environmental causes of clefting. 2. Delineate the anatomy of the normal palate and the cleft palate. 3. Understand the Veau classification for clefts of the palate and techniques used to repair various clefts of the palate. 4. Understand the factors that contribute to complications following palate repair, including fistula formation, velopharyngeal insufficiency, maxillary growth inhibition, and sleep apnea.

SUMMARY: Cleft palate is generally an isolated congenital abnormality but can be associated with multiple syndromes. Careful evaluation of an infant with cleft palate by a multidisciplinary team is required to rule out other potential abnormalities. In children with isolated nonsyndromic cleft palate, palate repair is generally performed before 1 year of age. The goals for cleft palate repair include separating the nasal and oral cavities (avoidance of fistulas), establishing normal velopharyngeal function, and preserving maxillofacial growth. This module reviews the incidence, epidemiology, and anatomical classification of cleft palates; and repair techniques, timing, and potential complications associated with palate repair.