Synergism of Synthetic Sulfonamides and Natural Antioxidants for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Oxidative Stress.

In the context of expanding research on the development of compounds with multiple therapeutic actions, this study aims to consolidate findings from the last decade on new synthetic sulfonamide therapies for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with oxidative stress (OS). The novelty of this synthesis study lies in the synergistic approach of antidiabetic molecular targets with those against oxidative stress, having the sulfonylurea class as a common point. By utilizing international databases, we identified and selected conclusive studies for this review. Promising results have been achieved through dual therapies that combine antioxidants (such as sesame oil, naringin, alpha-lipoic acid, resveratrol, and quercetin) with sulfonylureas (including glipizide, glibenclamide, gliclazide, and glimepiride). Additionally, triple therapies that associated sulfonylureas with other classes of antidiabetic medications have also shown encouraging outcomes. These findings are supported by in vivo tests conducted on experimental laboratory models as well as on human subjects. These recent advancements in synthetic sulfonamide research point to a promising future in diabetes management, especially considering the dual functionalities demonstrated by in vivo studies-specifically, their antidiabetic and antioxidant effects. Moreover, the synergy between sulfonamides and other antioxidant agents represents a beneficial strategy for optimizing future chemical structures, potentially allowing for their integration into personalized treatments aimed at combating T2DM.