Un-sweetening the deal: targeting glucose metabolism in brain arteriovenous malformations.

Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are vascular anomalies characterized by a knot of intertwined and enlarged blood vessels. They form atypical direct connections (shunts) between the arterial and venous sides of the circulation, bypassing the capillary bed. This pathological flow pattern exposes fragile veins to excess mechanical stress, predisposing them to rupture. Although the incidence of bAVMs is low, their clinical impact is substantial as rupture results in intracranial hemorrhage, which often leads to severe neurological consequences including stroke (Samaniego et al, 2024).