[Navigating pathological assessment of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for prostate cancer: from clinical challenges to future directions].

Neoadjuvant therapy has become one of the standard treatment modalities for various solid tumors. Accurate assessment of pathological response after neoadjuvant therapy is crucial to the guidance of subsequent treatment strategies and the determination of patient prognosis. Currently, expert consensus on pathological evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy efficacy has been well-established for tumors such as breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, the significant heterogeneity and multifocality of prostate cancer pose unique obstacles to establishing a standardized system for the pathological assessment for neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT), The current status and challenges of pathological assessment for NHT response in prostate cancer are reviewed in this article, and the clinical value of predictive biomarkers is explored. The overarching goals are the optimize of patient stratification and the advance of precision medicine for prostate cancer.