[Effect of dust mite sublingual immunotherapy on non-target allergen sige levels in patients with multi-sensitized allergic rhinitis and its clinical significance].

Objective:To investigate the effect of dust mite sublingual immunotherapy（SLIT） on serum specific immunoglobulin E（sIgE） levels of non-target allergens in patients with multiple-sensitized allergic rhinitis（AR）, and to analyze its clinical significance. Methods:A total of 86 patients with multiple-sensitized AR due to dust mites treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2021 to December 2023 were enrolled. All patients received standardized Dermatophagoides farinae drops SLIT for 24 months. The sIgE levels of target allergen（dust mite） and non-target allergens（pollen, mold, animal dander） were measured before treatment, and at 6, 12, and 24 months of treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, the Total Nasal Symptom Score（TNSS）, Total Medication Score（TMS）, and Visual Analogue Scale（VAS） were evaluated. The correlation between changes in non-target allergen sIgE levels and clinical efficacy was analyzed. Results:After 6, 12, and 24 months of treatment, the dust mite sIgE levels decreased significantly compared with baseline（P<0.05）, and continued to decline with prolonged treatment. The sIgE levels of non-target allergens（pollen, mold, animal dander） also showed a gradual downward trend, which were significantly lower at 12 and 24 months than at baseline（P<0.05）, and the decrease at 24 months was significantly greater than that at 12 months（P<0.05）. At each time point of treatment, TNSS, TMS, and VAS scores were significantly lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）, and were negatively correlated with the decrease in non-target allergen sIgE levels（r=-0.582, -0.537, -0.614, all P<0.05）. After 24 months of treatment, the total clinical effective rate was 87.21%. The decrease in non-target allergen sIgE levels in the effective group was significantly greater than that in the ineffective group（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Dust mite SLIT can significantly reduce non-target allergen sIgE levels in patients with multiple-sensitized AR, and this reduction is closely related to the improvement of clinical symptoms. It suggests that SLIT can improve the sensitization status to multiple allergens by regulating the overall immune tolerance of the body, providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for the clinical treatment of multiple-sensitized AR.