Arrhythmias in Congenital Heart Disease: Single Ventricle.

Single ventricle (SV) patients are a heterogeneous group in terms of anatomy and surgical palliation strategy. Arrhythmogenesis can be congenital, such as associated with underlying congenital heart disease but is more commonly a cumulative result of ischemic injury, cellular alteration, fibrosis, and myocardial stretch secondary to an altered-hemodynamic state. Arrhythmias represent a leading cause of morbidly and mortality. The presence of arrhythmias may represent both an etiology for heart failure and a forewarning of failing SV physiology. Appropriate acute and long-term brady and tachyarrhythmia management are critical to optimize the hemodynamic profile of these patients and therefore improve outcomes.