Preeclampsia in women with chronic kidney disease.

OBJECTIVE

Women with chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of developing preeclampsia and its severe complications. Currently, there are no assessments available in order to quantify such risk. The aim of the study is to establish the incidence of superimposed preeclampsia in women with chronic kidney disease according to Serum creatinine (SCr) level.

METHODS

Pregnant women with chronic kidney disease were retrospectively identified from January 2000 to July 2010. We defined two groups according to SCr: Group 1: SCr ≤ 125 µmol/l; Group 2: SCr > 125 µmol/l. Incidence of preeclampsia, early preeclampsia (delivery <34 weeks), gestational age (GA) at diagnosis and delivery outcome were assessed.

RESULTS

Ninety-three nephropatic women were considered for the analysis. Group 2 (n = 14) compared with Group 1 (n = 79) had an increased incidence of preeclampsia (78.6% vs. 25.3%; p < 0.0001), an increased rate of pregnancy complications as early preeclampsia (82% vs. 38%; p < 0.03), a lower GA at diagnosis (29 ± 2 vs. 33 ± 1 weeks; p < 0.04) and a lower GA at delivery (30 ± 2 weeks vs. 34 ± 1; p < 0.04).

CONCLUSION

Women with chronic kidney disease and an increased creatinine threshold have a high risk of developing preeclampsia and delivering preterm.