[Multimodal imaging techniques including image-enhanced endoscopy for minimally invasive treatment of a complex tracheoesophageal and chest wall fistula: a case report].

Postoperative airway, digestive tract, and chest wall fistulas are severe complications after lung resection, often associated with high mortality. Here, we reported a case of a patient with tracheoesophageal and chest wall fistulas. After precise localization of the fistula and sinus tract using multimodal imaging techniques, a multidisciplinary treatment team was assembled, including specialists in interventional pulmonology, gastroenterology, plastic surgery, anesthesia, and pain management, to develop and implement a stepwise, personalized treatment strategy. Initially, a dual-endoscopy approach combining bronchoscopy and gastroscopy was used in a single endoscopic procedure assisted by image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) to effectively seal the tracheoesophageal fistula. Once the fistula healed, a minimally invasive plastic surgery procedure was performed to clear the chest wall sinus tract, and once the chest wall fistula healed, the residual airway stent was successfully removed during bronchoscopy, resulting in the patient's clinical cure. Using IEE and other multimodal imaging techniques, a multidisciplinary, stepwise, personalized, minimally invasive treatment strategy centered on endoscopy and minimally invasive repair warranted further clinical investigation.