Lathyrane diterpenoids with anti-renal fibrotic activity from the aboveground parts of Euphorbia wallichii.

Eighteen lathyrane diterpenoids, comprising nine unreported (1-9) and nine known analogues (10-18), were isolated from the aboveground parts of Euphorbia wallichii. The structures of these compounds were established by detailed interpretation of MS and NMR data, with the absolute configurations assigned via comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Biological evaluation of selected compounds revealed no significant inhibition against NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages and no cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231, A549, MCF-7, and HeLa cancer cell lines. However, several of them exerted a significant suppressing effect on TGF-β1-induced upregulation of fibrotic biomarkers in human kidney tubular HK-2 cells, and the anti-renal fibrotic potential of compound 8 may be associated with its inhibition on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.