Efficacy of robot-assisted stereotactic aspiration in moderate basal ganglia hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE

To study the clinical efficacy of robot-assisted stereotactic hematoma puncture and fragmentation in the treatment of moderate basal ganglia hemorrhage.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 cases of basal ganglia hemorrhage (BGH) patients admitted to the 901st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force from October 1st 2023 to June 1st 2025. The experimental group (n = 34) received robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and aspiration drainage, while the control group (n = 30) underwent traditional manual CT-guided hematoma puncture and catheter placement for aspiration drainage. The two groups were compared in terms of operative time, hematoma clearance rate, number of urokinase instillations, drainage tube retention duration, as well as NICU hospitalization duration, mannitol usage duration, 72-hour cerebral edema volume, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scales (NIHSS) score, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score at 1 month postoperatively, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 months postoperatively, and complication rates.

RESULTS

Compared with the control group, the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant improvements during treatment, including reduced pulmonary infection rates, shorter NICU hospitalization duration, decreased mannitol usage duration, reduced 72-hour cerebral edema volume, significantly improved postoperative GCS and NIHSS scores, better ADL scores at 1 month postoperatively, and better (lower) mRS scores at 3 months postoperatively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Robot-assisted stereotactic minimally invasive puncture and aspiration for basal ganglia hemorrhage catheterization provides more precise and thorough hematoma evacuation, reduces postoperative complication rates, and significantly promotes postoperative neurological recovery.